Passion of The Christ Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Passion of The Christ - Movie Review Example Throughout the film, Jesus undergoes brutality and much suffering. The other leading roles are Caiaphas (the Jewish High Priest) and Pontius Pilate (the Roman Governor). Both do not want to see Jesus being crucified, but live in a perilous time, and Jesus is a major threat to them1. The film relies mostly on the Gospel of Mark; the Jewish crowds shown in almost all scenes of the film support this. The Jewish crowd is shown as indirectly protecting and directly supporting Jesus against the authority of the high priest, which opposes him according to the Gospel of Mark2. In Mark 15:6, â€Å"Pilate had established an open Passover amnesty: ‘at the festival he used to release a prisoner for them, anyone for whom they asked’.†3 The ceremony was open because the crowd and not the governor selected the person to be released. Mark notes that Barabbas (a prisoner) and Jesus are presented to the crowd for it to choose who is to be released and who is to be crucified. There are many differences between the film and the story of Jesus according to the Gospels. There are some portions of Scripture that have been omitted in the film. Gibson cuts words of Matthew 27:25 which states that â€Å"And all the people said, ‘His blood shall be on us and on our children!†4 and John 19:30 which quotes Jesus saying â€Å"It is finished.†5 There are portions of the film that are extra-biblical such as the scene in which Satan is seen holding a baby. The most central scenes of the film are where Jesus is brutally beaten using a whip by the Roman soldiers and the 14 Stations of the Cross. Techniques used in the film include steadcam cinematography and narrative. The utilization of steadcam cinematography assists in the provision of quasi-documentary feel and look. The film has used the languages of the region where Jesus was actually crucified and the setting of the movie appears to capture the Jerusalem atmosphere (though the filmsetting was in Italy). The languages used

Modern Drama Essay Example for Free

Modern Drama Essay Through Shakespeare, came the birth of four major tragedies Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, and Macbeth. Shakespeares Hamlet made tragedies problematic. The play was all about whether it was right to take vengeance into your own hands, or whether you should delegate justice into the organs of the state. Arthur Miller, who turned the ordinary man into a figure of tragic stature in Death of a Salesman, felt obliged to the axiomatic laws of tragedy, and so wrote two essays, which he used to develop his ideas on, Tragedy and the Common Man and The Nature of Tragedy. In these two essays, Miller talks about tragedies that are appropriate for a modern audience. Because we differ from the renaissance audience due to an increase in democracy, our sense of individualism has also been enhanced, alongside the principles of equalitarianism. We all feel very important, and every subject feels as significant as the next, so we will respond to tragedies that address our experience as a pose to that of a king or queen. Shakespearean tragedy was about the high born who were brought low by some flaw in the nature of their society. On the contrary, Miller thinks that in tragedy, the protagonist or hero should be a common man and should bear very little, if any resemblance to a man of high statute. In his essay, Tragedy and the Common Man, Miller suggests that the common man is as apt a subject for tragedy in its highest sense as kings were. He goes on to discuss the sense of personal dignity, and of how tragedies deal with noble passions. He amply suggests that a tragic protagonist should be a character, ideally the common man, who does not remain passive in the face of their oppression or subjugation. This character should fight for his or hers immensivation. Miller, in first essay discusses, Tragedy and the Common Man. The renaissance conceptions of tragedy involve a tragic protagonist who is high born. It is through some character flaw, through concentrated hubris in his mind, which usually leads to a downfall. Miller says every one of us is a common person in a modern, democratic, individualised society. In this condition, every person is a hero in the drama of their own lives, whilst before, when the whole society was homogeneous, and everybody knew their place in cosmic order. Every person was subordinated into the larger design. Thus, important was the part they played in Gods design, and so individual pulses were passed with no significant meaning. Miller reflects upon how modern tragedy should be of a normal, common person. In addition to this, he also articulates his perspective, that in the modern world, because we have a heterogeneous society and do not all share the same beliefs, we do not believe in the same values, so we disagree on what is heroic. People feel it is more difficult to write tragedy because there are no widely shared ideas or values. In a tragedy, you have to have a protagonist who has the qualities that everybody believes in. He has to be one who fights against the corruption of certain aspects in the world. Every one of us fears, at the core of our being, our displacement from what we consider our position in society, our just. Therefore, what Miller does, is to say that his protagonists will not remain passive in the face of his oppression he would rather die than accept a compromised existence. Tragedy, to most, means death and sadness, but Miller feels this is not so. Millers perception of tragedy is that true tragedies are those works of literature that provide for us an optimistic view on human capability. We are inspired to ensure no person, whatever his or her nobility, oppresses us, and so look ubiquitously for sources of our subjugation. We begin to question things we would otherwise consider as customary or natural, and by so doing, we are helped in challenging the sources of oppression through these dichotomies. In his next essay, Miller discusses The Nature of Tragedy. There are many elements, which are highlighted, in this particular composition. However, the two dominating features, which are included, are of the discrepancies between melodrama and real drama within a novel or narrative based on the tragic mode. The concepts that these two conflicting drama types adopt are divulged in this essay, and so can be called upon as one of the centrepieces of this thesis. Melodrama is a specific means of writing, in the sense that it is very artificial. The melodrama type flourished in the Victorian period, and would often circulate around traumatic events. With this, a distinction between the two disparities can be accomplished. Melodrama deals objectively, with characters, which lack realism. These specifically chosen characters do not possess the complexity of real human beings, and good and bad, or white and black are clearly demarcated. When we see a melodramatic play, we see one-dimensional characters that have no moral turmoil in their minds; hence, the play is all about violence and action. With a melodrama, such scenes become almost obligatory. In a word, the work [here described as the play] is characterized by extravagant theatricality and by the predominance of plot and physical action over characterization. Conversely, the real drama approach falls far beyond the simplicity evoked in melodrama. Other than the current features of melodrama, a more assertive sense of human representation is applied to supplement real drama. In the same human breast, wickedness and goodness are converged, bringing a mandatory convention into the drama. Furthermore, there is conflict not only between characters, but also within certain internal impulses of the mind, and so a stalemate within the crest of the protagonist is averted without ambiguous contentment. What tragedies do is to provide us, the audience, with enlightenment. When we come away from the tragedy, we should have been transformed by the event and conformed to its consequences. On exiting the tragedy, we should feel very positive about the potential of the human animal for nobility, and the sacrifice of the protagonist it is often that which helps us to cleanse our selves of dire feelings. At the end of the tragedy, we achieve catharsis. The emanative thing that Miller involves in his own tragedies is to blend realism and expressionism together in a technique called subjective realism whenever the actual, chips into the past timeline. In addition to this, Miller orchestrates the music of the flute to connote pastoral harmony, amidst other devices. The characters are dressed in attire, used to express humour and the lighting has a gold, soft hue to it. This infiltration of his dramaturgy seems to release a realistic representation of life in the play throughout. By utilizing such devices, Miller wants to convey, more efficiently, the way people actually think. In doing so, he is able to take us into the past, in the same way Willy Loman moves back into this age in time. As humans, we are very fluid. In view of the fact that we have memory, we can look into the distant future. We tend to, in the most time, live in the past and anticipate the future whilst dragging the past burden with us. The past always remains, and so we are a part of it. Throughout his existence, Loman carries a strained guilt with him due to a very traumatic experience, which came about eighteen years ago. By so doing, he is barred from accepting certain activities, and so his operation is affected as a human being. Instead, Loman should put that memory to decent use, and by not doing so tragedy is once again insinuated as being the centrepiece of the play, as of course it proves to be in the closing scenes of the play. A brief synopsis of tragedy would be to use its cycle of events to change the world for the better, and the way human past interacts with the human present to build the future. In effect, we can travel to any time in the past within a second or two by one recessive sense. By using light and music, Miller achieves this, and shows us how the past, has never passed. To conclude, from his finely crafted essays, we become exposed to what a tragedy really is in its greatest being. We, as humans, thrive on accomplishing the memorabilia recognised as dreams, and when the path leading to it is barraged, we commit almost any feat in order to reach it. The tragedy, eternally undergoing evolution, is when we do commit, and do not face consequences for the deeds, in our lives or thereafter. As human beings, we are perverse, and try to distinguish ourselves from the animal kingdom, however due to our surreal nature, as with primates, our decree in society is what drives us to commit, indispensably, the things we would otherwise fear. Mohammed Lukman Ahmed 1111 11 SMO Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

tundra :: essays research papers

The tundra artic plains completely covering most of the earth’s lands north of the coniferous forest belt. The tundra’s ecosystem is very sensitive. It doesn’t have a good ability to restore itself. Controlled by sedge, heath, willow, moss, and lichen. Plains that are pretty much alike, called alpine tundra, occur above the timberline in the high mountains of the world. Even the Antarctic area has a couple of its own arctic regions itself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The climate of the tundra is characterized by harsh winters. The average temperature in the tundra area is about –27 degrees. But what is even worse are the long night. At nights the lowest temperture recorded was –67.36 degrees. There are even times in the year when the sun doesn’t come up for days. In the tundra we have little snow and even less rainfall. The rainfall is about a quarter inch in a yearly rainfall. Even though the tundra’s winters are long a harsh there summers are the shortest season of all. Do to the terrible weather and climate in the tundra their animals and plant life is very limited. This artic tundra is mainly formed by permafrost, â€Å"a layer of permanently frozen subsoil in the ground. Putting frozen ground and flat landscape stops the drainage of water. As the water is being held up on the surface it makes ponds and bogs that give moisture for the plants, or countering the low precipitation. â€Å"The periodic freezing and thawing of the soil forms cracks in the ground in regularly patterned polygons†. Some areas are not drained very well causing irregular landforms. Some of these landforms like the following hummocks, or knolls, frost boils, and earth stripes. Another common area to the alpine tundra is a â€Å"bare rock covered ground† also known as fell fields, in which not alone support but helps the growth of lichens. The many â€Å"microhabitats† given by these landforms provide a variety to the tundra’s landscape. As you already know the amount of different plant species in the tundra is very few. Also their growth level is low, â€Å"with most of the biomass concentrated in the roots. To add to the many difficulties the growing season isn’t very long its self. The plants are better off â€Å"to reproduce vegetative by division and budding than sexually by flower pollination†. The main plant life in that area is cotton grass, sedge, and dwarf heath also including mosses and lichens. tundra :: essays research papers The tundra artic plains completely covering most of the earth’s lands north of the coniferous forest belt. The tundra’s ecosystem is very sensitive. It doesn’t have a good ability to restore itself. Controlled by sedge, heath, willow, moss, and lichen. Plains that are pretty much alike, called alpine tundra, occur above the timberline in the high mountains of the world. Even the Antarctic area has a couple of its own arctic regions itself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The climate of the tundra is characterized by harsh winters. The average temperature in the tundra area is about –27 degrees. But what is even worse are the long night. At nights the lowest temperture recorded was –67.36 degrees. There are even times in the year when the sun doesn’t come up for days. In the tundra we have little snow and even less rainfall. The rainfall is about a quarter inch in a yearly rainfall. Even though the tundra’s winters are long a harsh there summers are the shortest season of all. Do to the terrible weather and climate in the tundra their animals and plant life is very limited. This artic tundra is mainly formed by permafrost, â€Å"a layer of permanently frozen subsoil in the ground. Putting frozen ground and flat landscape stops the drainage of water. As the water is being held up on the surface it makes ponds and bogs that give moisture for the plants, or countering the low precipitation. â€Å"The periodic freezing and thawing of the soil forms cracks in the ground in regularly patterned polygons†. Some areas are not drained very well causing irregular landforms. Some of these landforms like the following hummocks, or knolls, frost boils, and earth stripes. Another common area to the alpine tundra is a â€Å"bare rock covered ground† also known as fell fields, in which not alone support but helps the growth of lichens. The many â€Å"microhabitats† given by these landforms provide a variety to the tundra’s landscape. As you already know the amount of different plant species in the tundra is very few. Also their growth level is low, â€Å"with most of the biomass concentrated in the roots. To add to the many difficulties the growing season isn’t very long its self. The plants are better off â€Å"to reproduce vegetative by division and budding than sexually by flower pollination†. The main plant life in that area is cotton grass, sedge, and dwarf heath also including mosses and lichens.

Are the consequences of global warming worse for Africa than for the Arctic?

The consequences of global warming on Africa are worse than on the Arctic. Africa is already among the poorest continents in the world. Out of 55 countries, two-thirds of these countries are among the poorest 50 countries in 2007. Many African countries already have outstanding debt which needs to be cleared so that the countries can come out of poverty. Africa’s average income per capita was $0.72. Also, 34% of the population aged 15-24 is illiterate. This shows that further drawbacks due to the impacts from global warming would be critical.As scarcity increases, the dependence on poor quality sources also increases. This leads to increased water-borne diseases such as cholera. Consequently, this puts increased pressure on health care systems which then decrease government budgets. Global warming affects Africa worse because Africa is a continent which desperately needs money to clear debt and for development.The impact of global warming on Africa is more physical and human. Africa contains about 20% of all known species of plants, mammals and birds, as well as 17% of amphibians and reptiles. There is much more at risk compared to the effects of global warming on the Arctic. As global warming increases, fragile habitats may not survive and between 20-50% of species in Africa could face extinction.On the other hand, the impacts of global warming on the Arctic are much less serious. For example, due to global warming, ice caps melt and the ice bergs impose a potential threat to the ships that cross the Atlantic and Pacific ocean. When comparing this to a potential impact in Africa such as the increased risk to flooding which now occurs in areas that were previously not at risk, the effects are much more severe.When analysing the positive and negative impacts on both regions, it is clear that Africa has very few positive impacts from global warming. In the Arctic, reduced ice cover can lead to discovery of new sites for resources such as oil. This can bene fit the region economically, providing jobs and  income. There will be new areas for trees to grow which could decrease carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Also, new industries can move in and new shipping routes may be available.Moreover, the population of Africa is 1.033 billion (2011) compared to the population of 4 million in the Arctic. The impacts of global warming would be far greater widespread in Africa, effecting many of them as they are vulnerable due to existing poverty. One negative impact on Arctic is that it will alter the lifestyle of the native people. Although this is bad, it is insignificant compared to the effects on Africa.Also, the impact of global warming on the Arctic could be felt all over the world as sea levels would rise causing flooding. I believe that this is still out-weighed by the impacts on Africa as one of the few ways in which African countries can reduce their debt burden is through the production of cash crops (the crops sold for income r ather than to supply themselves with food). As a result, forest clearance has taken place in order to allow commercial farming.Impacts of global warming such as drought in Africa would expose soil to erosion by wind. This will put increased pressure on existing land to grow crops which is likely to cause desertification. Famine and malnutrition is likely to increase, placing Africa’s food security under threat. African farmers are trapped into poverty because they are dependent on successful crop harvests. Crops can be heavily influenced by the impacts from global warming. Therefore, people cannot feed themselves or make money and will be trapped in poverty as they cannot reduce the effects of climate change themselves.In conclusion, the future of Africa is heavily dependent on climate change. They do not have the wealth to use adaptation policies to reduce the impact of global warming such as protection against flooding and coastal erosion. The Arctic region itself will have negative impacts but there will also be positive impacts which make the situation less serious.

Bullying Research Paper Essay

Abstract Every day across America, children are being sent to school with the mindset that they are safe as they head to an environment that is intended to support a positive atmosphere of learning and socialization. However, schools across America are plagued with the continuous and aggressive problem of bullying that is effecting our society as a whole. Our children’s physical and emotional well-being is at risk because of the act of bullying. Without proper education, identification, and prevention to promote awareness, bullying will continue to be a major issue. The following research paper is intended to focus on the effects of school bullying and what society can do to help prevent future bullying from occurring. I aspire to learn the different forms of bullying, while learning what I can do to identify the problem and what the possible solutions to preventing future occurrence are. Keywords: Bullying,Cyberbullying, School Bullying School Bullying Over the years, bullying has become more prominent in our society. In the past, many adults and educators perceive bullying as something that all children go through; just kids being kids. Children are all effected differently depending on the degree of the bullying, some even ending in tragic events. Being proactive in recognizing bullying can lead to a drastic decrease in bullying cases. Educated professionals are being trained in order to pick up on signs that an act of bullying is happening and how to address and resolve the situation. Thankfully, more and more states are issuing laws to protect the schools and the students against bullying. As a result, anti-bullying programs were created to provide a safe learning environment for students and have been effective all over the world. In order for us to better understand bullying, we must know what bullying is. The simple word â€Å"bully† can be referred back to as early as the 1500’s. In order to learn exactly what a bully is, you must first break down what a bully is in its simplest form. The act of bullying requires two people, the bully and the person being bullied. By definition, â€Å"Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose (stopbullying.org).† The entire act is dependent upon a disparity of power, the aggressor exhibits that they have more power than the person being targeted. The act of bullying can be separated into three categories: verbal (name calling, teasing), social (ignoring or isolating), and physical bullying (hitting, kicking). Now with the recent boom in technology, a new form of bullying has now emerged- cyber bullying. In any event, all forms of bullying have a direct result on the victim. Bullying is a form of abuse that carries on over the course of time. â€Å"At first one may believe that the effects of bullying is limited to initial responses that tend to fade within a few days or a week, at most. However, research indicates that the harm inflicted by bullying, whether physical or psychological, has implications and can result in a snowball effect of lasting and painful emotions and negative impacts.† (Donegan, 2008). Although bullying consists of two core components, the bully and the person being bullied, the difference in the type of bullying differs greatly. The person who plays the part of the bully is acting in a conscious, willful, and deliberate activity where the primary purpose is to generate fear through the threat of additional aggressive acts. This further act of aggression and creation of terror creates the lasting impression of intimidation and an uncomfortable emotional sense that the bully uses to maintain power. Once a bully has created this superiority, the bully will continue to victimize their offender. These actions define the most common and obvious form of bullying, physical bullying. In this instance, the aggressor is most often portrayed punching, kicking, throwing objects, or  participating in some form of destructive behavior that is both observable and physical. The intimidated victim will most likely dismiss any injuries received to avoid any further incidents. At t his point, the bully has already established their control and will continue to exercise their power over the victim. In many instances, victims have been found to report a combination of physical and verbal bullying. The verbal threatening, taunting, and name calling has been found to be a commonality with physical bullying. â€Å"In a survey of big school students, a third of students who were bullied experienced symptoms that sound much like post-traumatic stress disorder: Feelings of panic, repeatedly thinking about past bullying episodes, and inability to concentrate at school. Unfortunately, these feelings of anxiety and distress tend to linger after graduation and into adulthood† (Sharp, 1995). â€Å"The adverse impact of school bullying is often exacerbated by the fact that many pupils do not tell of their experience and therefore do not receive appropriate help and support (Oliver & Candappa, 2003). With our society constantly evolving, so has the manner in which individuals are bullied. Since the emergence of the internet, social media, and the technological advancements of telecommunications, the ease and the way people communicate has created a breeding ground for young adults to bully one another. Cyber bullying has now transcended the traditional sense of bullying and evolved into a form that allows a person to hide their identity behind a computer. â€Å"This anonymity makes it easier for the offender to strike blows against a victim without having to see the victim’s physical response. The distancing effect that technological devices have on today’s youth often leads them to say and do crueler things compared to what is typical in a traditional face-to-face bullying situation† (Donegan, 2012). Cyber bullying has been defined as â€Å"an aggressive act or behavior that is carried out using electronic means by a group or an individual repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot easily defend him or herself† (Smith, e.t.,al 2008). Examples of cyber bullying include malicious text messages or emails, rumors posted on social networking sites, and  embarrassing photos, videos, or fake profiles. Although cyber bullying is often experienced indirectly, as opposed to a face to face confrontation with traditional bullying, the potential for reaching a larger audience is greater. A form of cyber bullying would be posting a status that is intended to be vague, however, is specifically directed towards someone using an insignificant clue that the victim would know is directed at them. Once a publication is made through a social media network, the potential for further sharing increases exponentially. At this point, the repetitiveness for the bullying to continue can c arry on by other people, causing a snowball effect. That single act creates a vicious circle that the victim may experience over and over. Regardless if it is traditional bullying or cyber bullying, a significant amount of research has documented the long lasting impact of bullying on a person’s mental health and academic performance. In many instances, an entire school’s student body is capable of being affected by bullying. A school is intended to design an atmosphere where children experience a positive and inviting environment, where growth and individuality is welcomed and encouraged. However, when a school’s climate is plagued by bullying, there is an inherent fear and intimidation within the school that causes the victim and others to disassociate and reject the notion of a positive atmosphere. The fear of being harassed or excluded by peers in school contributes to dropout rates and poor academic achievement, causing additional victimization. In order to implement a strategy to combat bullying, â€Å"schools must include school-level interventions designed to change the overall culture and climate of the school: class room interventions targeting teachers and other adults in the school; and student-level interventions that target individual or small groups of victims and bullies.† (Whitted, 2005). Strategies like this help to revert the power imbalance that a bully thrives on to gain power. Research on anti-bullying programs have shown that information provided for parents through newsletters and parent meetings proved to be successful. A school atmosphere with a positive line of communication between school administration and the student’s parents helps to raise the awareness of  bullying encouraging a drastic reduction in bullying incidents. Other common ways to help combat the effects of bullying included more social interactions for the victim. Educators and parents are urged to have the child participate in organized social activities to initiate new friendships and build confidence with other children for a feeling of belonging. If the child is interested in music, art, or sports, they are encouraged to develop and practice that talent to reinforce confidence and self-esteem. A controlled system with peer support helps victims deal with the interpersonal conflicts of bullying in a pro-active and non-violent way. By being positive, supportive, and embracin g the child and what he/she is going through at all times, he will come to respect and cherish himself as an individual and overcome any negative effects bullying may have caused. Conclusion When someone thinks back to their days of elementary school through high school, most of us think about â€Å"normal† school images- classes, homeroom, and friends. We can all recall some of the struggles; studying for the big test, getting homework completed, making new friends. To me, school was just school. It was something I had to do to become a successful adult. For those victims of school bullying, school is a living nightmare. The harassment, pain, and the series of struggles a bullied person experiences is too much for any normal person to comprehend, especially if they were not bullied personally. School becomes a burden and something that is avoided as much as possible. The victims become stressed with their overflowing insecurities. School work no longer is a priority, avoiding the harassment and humility becomes a primary concern. Prior to conducting this research project, my knowledge of bullying was very limited. Having not been bullied as a child, my image was simple. The biggest kid in the class would push the scrawny â€Å"weird† kid against his locker, and that was the end of it. Now, after reading the numerous studies done on this terrible â€Å"epidemic†, I have realized that this is a problem that causes more damage long term than what society thinks- and it effects everyone! My daughter will be entering elementary school in a few years, and as her father I feel that it is important to explain bullying and the  effects it has on individuals. No matter if it is verbal, emotional, physical or occurring on social media sites, I feel it is my job, as well as the school’s guidance team to educate and inform my daughter on this serious topic. If we can properly educate people, hopefully someday the negative domino effect of bullying can be reversed to be a positive outcome of the popu lar plan to â€Å"pay it forward†. For someone who was taught â€Å"The Golden Rule† as a young boy, it seems simple to me. Treat others the way you want to be treated, and if you don’t have anything nice to say to someone- don’t say it at all. This is something I plan to teach my daughter, and maybe if more people believe and teach this golden rule, bullying will be a thing of the past. References Donegan, R. (2012). Bullying and Cyberbullying: History, Statistics, Law, Prevention and Analysis. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 3(1), 33-42. McElearney, A., Adamson, G., Shevlin, M., & Bunting, B. (2013). Impact Evaluation of a School-based Counselling Intervention in Northern Ireland: Is it Effective for Pupils Who Have Been Bullied?. Child Care In Practice, 19(1), 4-22. doi:10.1080/13575279.2012.732557 Ockerman, M. S., Kramer, C., & Bruno, M. (2014). From the School Yard to Cyber Space: A Pilot Study of Bullying Behaviors Among Middle School Students. Research In Middle Level Education Online, 37(6), 1-18. Oliver, C., & Candappa, M. (2003). Summary report Tackling bullying: Listening to the views of children and young people. London: ChildLine and Thomas Coram Research Unit. Sharp, S. (1995). How much does bullying hurt? The effects of bullying on the personal wellbeing and educational progress of secondary aged students. Educational and Child Psychology, 12, 81–88. Smith, P.K., J. Mahdavi, M. Carvalho, S. Fisher, N. Russell, and N. Tippett (2008), â€Å"Cyberbullying: its nature and impact in secondary school pupils†, Journal of Chil Psycology & Psychiartry, 49. pp 376-385 What is Bullying | StopBullying.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/index.html Whitted, K., & Dupper, D. (2005). Best practices for preventing or reducing bullying in schools. Children & Schools, 27(3), 167-175.

Admission Essay Writing

Admission Essay Writing Admission Essay Writing College admission essay writing is rather difficult for students of all academic levels. While writing admission essay you should show your ability to concentrate and to create a good paper. You should always keep in mind that commission will evaluate your writing skills as well as the presentation of your essay. Every year different educational institutions and colleges get thousands of admission essays. It is a key prerequisite to be creative and original. People who read admission statements understand that everybody is talented and unique in some way or another. You should explain why and what you can do better than others and support your points with the vivid examples. You should make them believe in you being an acceptable candidate for their program. Do not be afraid to present your advantages. Describe all of your achievements in school, for example, you might take part in some competitions and won them. While deciding which information to include or exclude from your admissionessay you should think about situations, goals, and application requirements. If, for example, you decided to go to law school, you should mention that you have been active throughout college, carved out time for community service. Write about your recreational interests. While writing law school admission essay, feel free to develop ideas, take advantage of the experiences of those who preceded you etc. Do not waste words on general sentences. Remember that in your admission essay you do not have to tell about your imperfections.. Your task is to show your bright personality, however, try to be yourself and honest. Avoid exaggerations and especially lies in admission essay, pay special attention to grammar and spelling. Ask someone to proofread your colle ge admission essay:http://.com/blog/college-application-essays Graduate Admission Essay If you decided write an essay within a couple hours, it would be bad idea and the result of such essay would be also unsatisfactory. Start essay writing with outline creation, of course, after the topic is chosen. Arrange your ideas and start writing one paragraph at a time. Whatever method you use to make sure to allow time for revision. Don't start your essay the night before you have to send it out. Ask others to read your essay and give you honest evaluation; tell them that it is important to know what areas they find unclear or unnecessary. Remember that your success depends on your ability to present yourself in a manner that is attractive to admissions committees. Revise your essay until you are satisfied with it. Custom Admission Essay Writing Ordering custom admission essay writing at .com, you receive 100% plagiarism free essays which is professionally written and interesting to read. Do not miss an opportunity to be accepted in your dream university with our help. Numerous students have already used our custom services and they stay with us for years because we deliver essays of premium quality only! Read more: Narrative Essay How to Write an Essay Examples of Persuasive Essays Descriptive Essay Writing Conclusion Writing

Chilhood Disorders essays

Chilhood Disorders essays 1. Mood Disorders Major depression, manic depressive disorder (called bipolar disorder) and mania are disorders which cause change in childs mood. Depression is caused by a number of factors from chemical imbalances to environmental influences to genetics. It is often mistaken for the blues and goes untreated. Major depression causes people to feel hopeless, exhausted and useless. It can cause problems with sleep, appetite, self-esteem, daily activities and physical health. 2. Anxiety Disorders - Fears that dont go away with time. Comes in many forms and may be experienced differently in each person. The person usually feels constant terror, dread or worry beyond ones normal reactions to danger. Anxiety occurs when a child is overly anxious, experiences separation anxiety, or avoids certain situations, peoples or places. 3. Attention-Deficit Disorder (ADD) affects a childs ability to concentrate, learn and maintain a normal level of activity. Excessive activity impatience, constant distraction, shifting form one activity to another and restless sleeping are common to (ADD) 4. Autism This is the most disabling of pervasive development disorders, a series of disorders that affect intellectual skills; responses to senses; and the ability to communicate. Autistic children fail to develop normal relationships with anyone, including parents. Autistic children have difficulty communicating because they dont develop language skills. 5. Enuresis This is repeated urination during the day or night into bed 6. Encopresis The inability to control bowel movements resulting in defecation in clothing, bed or on the floor. Encopresis more commonly affects boy than girls. 7. Oppositional Behavior Is the loosing of ones temper, arguing with parents or teachers, refusing to follow rules, being mean or seeking revenge, deliberately annoying people,...

Pope Innocent III - Powerful Medieval Pontiff

Pope Innocent III - Powerful Medieval Pontiff Pope Innocent III Was Also Known As Lothair of Segni; in Italian, Lotario di Segni (birth name). Pope Innocent III Was Known For Calling the Fourth Crusade and the Albigensian Crusade, approving the works of Saint Dominic and Saint Francis of Assisi, and convoking the Fourth Lateran Council. One of the most influential pontiffs of the Middle Ages,  Innocent  built the papacy  into a more powerful, prestigious institution than it had ever been before. He  viewed the role of the pope as not merely a spiritual leader but a secular one as well, and while he held the papal office he made that vision a reality. Occupations Crusade SponsorPopeWriter Places of Residence and Influence Italy Important Dates Born:  c. 1160Elevated to Cardinal Deacon: 1190Elected Pope: Jan. 8, 1198Died:  July 16, 1215 About Pope Innocent III Lothairs mother was nobility, and his aristocratic relatives may have made his studies at the Universities of Paris and Bologna possible. Blood ties to Pope Clement III may also be responsible for his elevation to a cardinal deacon in 1190. However, he didnt get very involved in papal politics at this point, and he had time to write on theology, including the works On the Miserable Condition of Man and On the Mysteries of the Mass.​ Almost immediately upon his election as pope, Innocent sought to reassert papal rights in Rome, bringing about peace among the rival aristocratic factions and gaining the respect of the Roman people within a few years. Innocent also took a direct interest in the German succession. He believed that the pope had the right to approve or reject any election that was questionable on the grounds that the German ruler could claim the title of Holy Roman Emperor, a position that affected the spiritual realm. At the same time, Innocent explicitly disclaimed secular power in most of the remainder of Europe; but he still took a direct interest in matters in France and England, and his influence in Germany and Italy alone was enough to bring the papacy to the forefront of medieval politics. Innocent called the Fourth Crusade, which was diverted to Constantinople. The pope excommunicated the Crusaders who attacked Christian cities, but he made no move to halt or overturn their actions because he felt, erroneously, that the Latin presence would bring about a reconciliation between the Eastern and Western Churches. Innocent also ordered a crusade against the Albigenses, which successfully subdued the Cathar heresy in France but at a great cost in life and blood. In 1215 Innocent convoked the  Fourth Lateran Council,  the most successful and well-attended ecumenical council of the Middle Ages. The Council passed several very important decrees, including Canons concerning the dogma of Transubstantiation and reforms of the clergy. Pope Innocent III died suddenly while preparing for a new Crusade. His papacy stands as an impressive political force of the thirteenth century.   The text of this document is copyright  ©2014 Melissa Snell. You may download or print this document for personal or school use, as long as the URL below is included. Permission is  not  granted to reproduce this document on another website.   The URL for this document is:  https://www.thoughtco.com/pope-innocent-iii-1789017

Visiting the Museum of Modern Art Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Visiting the Museum of Modern Art - Term Paper Example The paper "Visiting the Museum of Modern Art" gives a detailed information about visiting MoMA. One particularly famous museum in the Unites States is the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York City. This location is fascinating for the depth of paintings, sculptures, drawings, and recent digital work. It is truly a living and breathing museum. What follows is a brief synopsis of this student’s recent visit to the museum. While many pieces in the museum captivated my attention, I would like to draw the reader’s attention to two in particular. The first is an oil painting by the French artist Odilon Redon. The painting itself, at first glance, is simple enough. The title says it all ‘Rock on the Beach’. Upon further examination, however, I was drawn to this painting because of the detail of the formation. It is so unique to other renditions of the ocean, because Redon puts his focus on the rocks, as opposed to the water. You have to wonder why this is. This is certainly an impressionistic piece of art. The effect of light on the rocks and the overall landscape is evident and a strong draw. As I pondered the lighting, I noticed a lack of intensity. It is daytime, yet the picture appears dark and gloomy. This communicates a feeling of isolation and desolation. As we have studied in class, impressionists focused a great deal on nature. They examined, through their art, their own impressions of the natural world. Paintings are usually spontaneous and they attempt to capture a moment in life. that can only be truly felt through the painting. ‘Rocks on a Beach’ is effective to this end. Getting close to the picture, I could see the rough brush strokes that captured the humanity, if you will, of this large rock formation in the middle of a beach. It seems as if this location had a special meaning to Redon and he wanted to portray the feelings he had as he witness this spectacle. We can envision that he was struck by the lack of clarity in this scene and, perhaps, it reflected his mood at that period in his life. I ended up reading the brief biography of this painter while I was at the museum and discovered that around the time of this particular painting he lost a child. The dark and gloomy nature of this impressionist piece of art could very well be reflective of that traumatic event. The final painting I want to discuss is a work by Pablo Picasso. I know he is one of the most famous painters in modern history, but I was struck by the privilege of seeing one of his pieces up close and personal. We are used to seeing the works of Picasso in detail in almost any art book. Perhaps we feel we understand his work already and simply move on. My experience at MoMA, however, helped me to realize that nothing replaces a real-life piece of art. The piece by Picasso that I looked at was his painting ‘Guitar’. This was oil painting on canvas paper. The first thing I noticed about this particular painting was the detail of the brush stroke. It is so refined that it looks as if a photograph was taken. I could barely decipher the difference. That is the brilliance of Picasso. The interesting thing about this picture is that the painting is not really reflective of a guitar at all, leading one to wonder about the title that Picasso gave this particular work of his. That is, I suppose, a topic for another time, but it is certainly worth noting. This particular piece of art appears to be a

Critical Issue Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Critical Issue Analysis - Essay Example Followers of the second are equally steadfast in their opinion that to equate abortion to murder rests on a wafer thin foundation of religious beliefs and that embryo neither has life not is an individual with rights. The choice to or not to abort should vest with the pregnant woman. The debate arouses virulent passions2. To being forth the intensity of emotions aroused by the contentious issue of abortion and some semblance of objectivity, viewpoints of a male and female author have been considered. The female is a staunch anti-abortionist, and the male an ‘enlightened’ believer in freedom of choice. In the interest of simplification, the adherents of divergent viewpoints have been placed in two categories, namely, pro and anti abortionists. In an article titled, â€Å"Abortion rights are pro-life,† Dr. Leonard Peikoff3 takes an aggressive stance, and wonders why the pro-abortion rights forces are on the defensive. He willingly provides the answer: because nobody is any longer defending the right to abortion on moral grounds. He exhorts the pro-abortionists not to be apologetic and fight tooth and nail. He believes that â€Å"the embryo is clearly pre-human; only the mystical notions of religious dogma treat this clump of cells as constituting a person,† and â€Å"is not an independently existing, biologically formed organism, let alone a person.† Diane S. Dew, a mother and an anti-abortionist campaigner, in an article titled, â€Å"Its a child, not a choice,† argues that society’s penchant for defense of rights of an individual smacks of the diabolical and pro-abortionists have blown it out of proportion. She contends that the pro-abortion lobby is backed by vested interests, notably, doctors, for whom â€Å"abortion is big business.† Since the legalization of abortion in 1973, our nation has lost an entire generation to abortion. We

The Role of New Media in Shaping the Image of Cultural Diversity in Essay

The Role of New Media in Shaping the Image of Cultural Diversity in Britain of the 21st Century - Essay Example Culture diversity also describes a variety of dissimilar communities or individuals with divergent origins, faiths and customs all co-existing and intermingling with each other. The assorted societies around the globe are distinct from each other. Their cultural disparities are clear from the way they dress, talk and relate among others. There are also considerable disparities in the way communities structure themselves, in their mutual presumption of morality and in the manner they interact with their surroundings. The conception of cultural variety is grounded on the notion that cultural personalities should not be discarded, but rather sustained and valued. The basis of this notion is that every culture and ethnic group has distinct characteristics (Amin, p. 20, 2002). Cultural diversity also comprises of having an open mind that recognizes, allows, values and even celebrates the varied ways in which individuals live and interrelate in the globe. Appreciation of this cultural vari ety makes a person understand that despite all these variations, as human beings, we look for similar things. These crucial things encompass well-being, respect, acceptance, autonomy, and equity. Features of diversity include age, cognitive structure, customs, economic background, instruction, ethnicity, gender personality, geographic milieu, language, pious beliefs and political inclination among others. However, some critics assert that this phrase is frequently misused to describe the diversity of human communities or cultures in a certain locale or the globe. This trend is referred to as multiculturalism as opposed to ethnic variety. The ethnically destructive action of globalization has had an unconstructive impact on the world’s ethnic variety (Alibhai-Brown, p. 89, 2000). Cultural Variety in Britain The two world battles of the previous epochs, the resultant disintegration of empires and the advancement of transit technology considerably changed a lot of things in Euro pe. Since this era, massive immigration started into both Europe and the UK. This rate has, however, reached extraordinary levels in the previous decades. In 2005, the population of Britain was anticipated to reach seventy million with the seventy percent increase attributable to enormous immigration. Britain was formerly an extremely homogenous community. However, since WWII, Britain has become considerably varied as it has hosted massive immigrant populations. The mixtures of cultural associations complicate the procedure of describing Britain as appearing of behaving in a certain manner. Britain has gained from this cultural diversity all through its long history and most presently it is amongst the most ethnically diverse nations in the universe. The UK has a long account of racial and cultural variety. Current decades have seen significant immigration of dissimilar racial associations into the UK from around the globe. This has generated a community extremely diverse in the 21s t epoch. This is with conceptions such as super diversity which have surfaced in an attempt to express the diversification of variety. The massive immigrations have pushed the coalition administration to establish stringent immigration controls. However, overseeing cultural variety is a complex and tricky challenge. Administrative regulations directed at fostering cultural variety over the previous year have failed to foster social assimilation and cohesion as envisioned. The administration’

The relationship between the nations of the global north and the Essay

The relationship between the nations of the global north and the global south, both before World War II and especially afterwards - Essay Example Even the Global North was effected with the political scenario that prevailed in the scene of pre First World War events and the post Second World War events. Japan for example was totally destroyed by the events that took place in the Second World War. Prior to the Second World War, Japanese government undertook offensive intentions that were dangerous towards the world as well as their own prosperity. The occurrence of the event of Hiroshima and Nagasaki crippled the entire structure of existence and led to destruction in totality. In the post world war second scenario, Japan had to start from scratch in order to provide the people with a means of living and also support their basic needs. In the post world war Two Scenario, the North had an edge over the South. Since the South was economically and politically weak, the North aimed at cashing in on this weakness and in turn provided them conditional assistance. This assistance came about in the form of political dictions. The events of the Cold War in the post Second World War events led to the more suited atmosphere for the North part of the world to bring about their own dictated terms upon the South. The South, badly in need of resources, funds and other basic needs to maintain their economic growth and prevent themselves from falling below the poverty line, had to embrace the tough and vested conditions and interests of the North. The events that took place in the earlier part had a greater impact for the major part of the 20th century. Its traces can be felt even in the modern times in the different parts of the world. The South American continent that comprises of the states of the likes of Bolivia, Cuba, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Peru are still in the throes of economic hurdles and obstacles. In the post First World One scenario, there were two distinct blocs within the Europe, United states of America and its other allies aimed at creating trust and partnership within. While the Central powers

The best mistake i ever made was Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The best mistake i ever made was - Essay Example And I had to spend it very carefully. I was proposed two alternatives with comprehensive plan and allocation break down by the company I was working with. As I didn’t have sufficient time and money to experiment on both customers and sales team, I took a crucial decision by depending upon only on the sales force. I knew the importance of sales force feedback since it played a vital role in delivering the messages. Now I was ready with the team of 45 enthusiastic sales representatives for the drive with the target of USD 300,000 to reach in three months1. The product was launched and after a week I got the first email and that was not encouraging. It read â€Å"Dr. A had lots of queries about the messages we communicated. He called me again as he didn’t get what exactly the real benefit of the product was.† The next email read â€Å"Dr. B wants to maintain the same product for the time being. He wants me to come with more details about the product as he sees its possibilities in the market.† Our business unit director went crazy as even after ten days not a single box was sold. Now I realized that I committed a mistake. I should have tested it both externally and internally – first with customers and then with our sales team without cost. In the beginning I thought that I was probably going to fail but I didn’t give up. I went through all the negative feedback and tried to find out what went wrong about the campaign that the surgeons were left indecisive and confused though the product drew their attention. I worked the whole night studying how it could have been done better and I prepared a Product Monograph in one day. I got the approval in two days and in the beginning of the second week of the second month my team started providing all the surgeons they met in previous month with detailed information that they needed to make a favorable decision. By the end of second month we achieved

The relationship between the nations of the global north and the Essay

The relationship between the nations of the global north and the global south, both before World War II and especially afterwards - Essay Example Even the Global North was effected with the political scenario that prevailed in the scene of pre First World War events and the post Second World War events. Japan for example was totally destroyed by the events that took place in the Second World War. Prior to the Second World War, Japanese government undertook offensive intentions that were dangerous towards the world as well as their own prosperity. The occurrence of the event of Hiroshima and Nagasaki crippled the entire structure of existence and led to destruction in totality. In the post world war second scenario, Japan had to start from scratch in order to provide the people with a means of living and also support their basic needs. In the post world war Two Scenario, the North had an edge over the South. Since the South was economically and politically weak, the North aimed at cashing in on this weakness and in turn provided them conditional assistance. This assistance came about in the form of political dictions. The events of the Cold War in the post Second World War events led to the more suited atmosphere for the North part of the world to bring about their own dictated terms upon the South. The South, badly in need of resources, funds and other basic needs to maintain their economic growth and prevent themselves from falling below the poverty line, had to embrace the tough and vested conditions and interests of the North. The events that took place in the earlier part had a greater impact for the major part of the 20th century. Its traces can be felt even in the modern times in the different parts of the world. The South American continent that comprises of the states of the likes of Bolivia, Cuba, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Peru are still in the throes of economic hurdles and obstacles. In the post First World One scenario, there were two distinct blocs within the Europe, United states of America and its other allies aimed at creating trust and partnership within. While the Central powers

Critical evaluation of Maths remaining as part of the curriculum Essay

Critical evaluation of Maths remaining as part of the curriculum - Essay Example Teaching and learning mathematics dates back to the third century BC making mathematics an ancient subject (Martin, 2006). Pioneers of modern mathematics include Euclid, and Pythagoras. Presumably, the age of mathematics as a subject has rendered it irrelevant in the modern world evoking the debate on whether mathematics should remain part of the school curriculum. However most teachers particularly mathematics teachers believe that mathematics should remain as part of the school curriculum. This report present a critical analysis of responses received from both teachers and students with the aim of drawing a conclusion on the issue. Majority of the teachers confirmed that mathematics is the only subject that train students how to make logical decisions on an issue. Unlike other subject, mathematical knowledge is based on fundamental theorems and principle. In addition, mathematics is the only well defined subject or the only subject that avoids contradictions. This indicates that ma thematics endows learners with fundamental skills that cannot be obtained from another subject taught in the school curriculum. According to Martin (2006), mathematics is the only universal subject and the only subject that has remained relevant over the years. ... It has been established that most subjects teach students how to memorize or remember (Martin, 2006). This aspect makes mathematics a sufficient prerequisite to nearly all subjects taught in the school curriculum. Most science and engineering subjects such as chemistry, engineering, physics, and architecture use mathematics to proof and illustrate theoretical concepts. Discovery of abstract branches of mathematics such as algebra, topology, and analysis has also been instrumental in the evolution of computer science and information technology. Thus, nearly all subjects taught in the modern school curriculum depend on mathematics as their main language of illustration. From responses received, it is evident that teachers support the issue of maintaining mathematics in the school curriculum. It is also evident that mathematics is applicable in humanities and social sciences. In particular, mathematical techniques are applied in humanities and social sciences to establish social trends and to quantify key social quantities such as population. Therefore, mathematics cannot be eliminated from the school curriculum. The interactive nature of mathematics is the main factor that makes most students to shy away from the subject. Unlike other subjects taught in the school curriculum, mathematics requires active participation of students. This compels the students to participate in classroom activities such as class discussion and completing assignments. Thus, mathematics exams not only examine a student’s ability to remember theoretical content but their level of participation in the school activities. Evidently, the level of a student’s participation in mathematics also measures their

Eating Meat Essay Example for Free

Eating Meat Essay Premise 1: Meat eating in humans is a natural phenomenon that has been practiced since prehistoric times, as evidenced by human dental structure and some scientific studies. Premise 2: Not eating meat can lead to various health problems unless there is a thorough understanding of the nutritional needs of the human body and the person ensures measures are taken to maintain good health. This is not feasible in undeveloped countries, tribal cultures or other societies that do not yet have the advantage of advanced science and technology that aids in understanding the various needs of the human body. Conclusion: Yes, it is ethical to eat meat. ___ The question of whether eating meat is ethical or not implies an assumption of a universal standard of ethics, so whether eating meat is ethical or not needs to be addressed from different viewpoints. The ethics of meat eating is highly subjective—it depends on many factors, such as culture and religion. From a (general) religious standpoint, meat eating is not unethical. Most religions do not absolutely forbid eating meat. Also, there has been evidence for the â€Å"naturalness† of meat eating. As evidenced by some scientific studies (such as a quick internet search (http://tinyurl.com/a6mdk) will bring up), meat eating has been practiced by humans since prehistory. In fact, the assimilation of animal protein is the easiest way of preventing some health problems (this is not to say that meat should be a major part of human diet). The concept of a vegan diet is relatively modern and is usually only feasible in a setting where the people have, through the advantage of modern science, gained sufficient knowledge about human nutrition. So, the question should not actually be one of ethics, but of health, in which case, the answer is yes—meat is okay (as long as it is only a part of a balanced diet).

Positive Representation Of Coach Carter

Positive Representation Of Coach Carter The main character in the film that has been used in the film under a positive light is Coach Ken Carter who is the main character of the plotline. By this I use technical codes to prove the this theory. Technical codes are used in the film Coach Carter to present the Protagonist Coach Carter in a positive light. Technical codes are split into sub-sections of Lighting and Dialogue. Each having there different perspective on how the character is seen in this particular way with each also having a different affect on how the viewer is positioned to feel about the characters actions, words and thoughts throughout the film. Technical codes have a huge importance on the way Coach Carter is presented in the film in this case positively. The use of Lighting in the film has positioned viewers to see Coach Carter in a Positive light. Bright lighting in a room represents positivity with darkness showing negativity, evilness and horror. An example of Coach Carter being respected in a positive way is when he is amongst his new fellow team (students) on his first day, His speech about the teams attitudes and his ways of learning and training are seen with a flash of dime light seen across his face. This effect shows Victory, positivity as well as viewed as Hero figure towards viewers. The use of lighting seen at this time reflects as well his speech obviously making it important and that he is seen as a Protagonist not an Antagonist which would have been seen with a dark atmosphere not light. The use of Dialogue positions viewers to see Coach Carter in a positive way. At the time of struggles with Principal___________ Coach Carter faces many negative comments from Parents and higher authorities though the character uses positive attitudes and words towards the goals and achievements the team wish to accomplish. Coach Carter quotes these kids can win games and achieve high if they set their minds to it, with Coach Carter saying this positivity towards the team and hope is seen through this characters dialogue or speech as if he said negative let down comments he would be portrayed in a negative light. Coach Carter is shown with a great heart at this time as he gives the team the opportunity to improve their studies over basketball as education is crucial in these circumstances and with him teaching the team this he is seen positively. The use of technical codes through lighting and Dialogue are crucial in positioning a viewer to think of a character in this case Coach Carter in a positive light. The use of Lighting against Coach Carter is present with a flash of light and Dialogue with the use of his Hopeful and positive speeches which brings this character forward as positive towards the team and others throughout the film. What Techniques does the film employ to present Coach Carter in a particular way? The use of Film codes in a film are used to position viewers about characters in a particular way. Film codes of Symbolic, Technical, audio and written are used to show the characters in a particular way. Camera angles and shots, lighting, Dialogue and behavioural attitudes and Symbolic objects are used to position viewers about the acts and speech towards others throughout the film. The use of Symbolic objects positions viewers to feel a bias perspective towards the characters. At the time of the lock out caused by the appalling scores from the team coach carter had decided to lock up the gym doors with a thick, metal chain. Throughout a film a chain normally represents power, strength and control. This action was committed by Coach Carter which positions viewers to think that the character has control, command and authority over the team. This shows that Coach Carter is strict and in control. This technique is used to give the viewer the understanding of what the character is like and how he has been purposely positioned by the director to manipulate viewers to think of him a Dominant. Camera angles are Technical codes that are used in the film to position Characters in a particular way. High camera angles are used in films to purposely show innocence and recessive (weak) attitudes towards the character who is being targeted at. Low camera angles are only used by coach carter to represent Authority and power. An example is with one of the meetings with principal___________ in between their argument Principal __________ is set sitting low against the chair with Coach Carter standing up proud looking down on her. This is purposely used to show viewers that coach carter has overtime grown to a higher authority and is more dominant over principal__________. These angles normally show in a film who holds the power at that particular time in this case we know from fact that Coach Carter holds that power as this is shown through the use of camera angles which are Technical Codes. Camera shots are Technical codes used to position viewers to think a particular way towards a character. Coach Carter is sometimes seen up close in intense situations such as at the time when racial comments are used in the gym by the team. Close ups show facial or emotional expressions based on what has been said. Though at this time by the way he is presented we know he is well educated with the fact that he knows what is said is wrong and he opposes the team about it. We are positioned by this to feel for coach carter as we think he comes from good willing intentions and that he is educated to see what is said is wrong. The overall use of camera shots is to show a characters feelings and emotions at a particular time throughout the film. Lighting is a Technical code used to display positively and negativity of a character that has been shot in a particular scene. The use of light is used to show the presence of trust and a hero figure (positively) with darkness representing negativity and troubled times. The scene when Coach Carter mentions that winning isnt everything a beam of dime light is flashed across his face. This is used to manipulate viewers to think that he is in the shape of a hero figure with the adjustment that what he is saying is trustworthy information and can be counted on. Darkness is used throughout the film on Temo Cruz when he is arguing back to Coach Carter on his first entrance to the gym. This shows trouble and bad attitude towards another as most of his face was covered in darkness with the Coaches in light. The use of lighting is important in depicting characters based on the attitudes and to compare and contrast characters with positively and negativity. Audio also known as background sound is a technique used to lead viewers to think about a character in a certain way. The use of RAP music is used at certain times of the film. One part is when Drugs is being dealt with by Temo Cruz in the streets, we compare this action to the music as Rap normally contains profanity language making it a negative and what is being done here, a criminal action which is negative we can easily link the actions of a character to the audio music played at that time. From this we can easily say that the character in the scene with this type of music is portrayed as negative to an audience. The use of audio is a great example in linking right and wrong actions or speech throughout a film. Overall the use of Film codes is to manipulate viewers to think a certain way about a character. The use of lighting, angle, shots, sound have all different effects on how the are used to base an opinion on a character. This perspective is Bias as techniques either present characters as Positive, negative, important or Dominant. Coach Carter is the main character that has most of these techniques used against him as he is the Antagonist and he needs to be easily recognised. The use of techniques has an impact on the feelings and emotions of characters based on their speech and actions. Motivation Motivation is key in impressing and keeping the attention of viewers. The basic plot line is based around an ex basketball coach that returns back to Richmond High school to take the position of training their poorly achievable basketball team. The thing that motivates viewers is the constant action of training and game playing as we are motivated to see who wins and losses throughout the course of the film. There is a high motivation with the speeches that come out of Coach Carter throughout the film as comments of commitment equals satisfaction this motivates viewers to think what is said would be seen later on a if it was false they wouldnt of made it to state championships. The film motivates viewers as it is under true fact, based on a true story this helps as important lines and dialogue is said to prompt viewers as we would like to see how the team ends up with Coach Carters helpful advice. I personally feel that the film motivates me as it is based on a true story and that t he plot is interesting enough to see what may happen in the end.

French And English Revolution :: essays research papers

Thousands of revolutions have taken place throughout the course of the history of the world. These revolutions have changed the politics, history, and all other facets of civilization of certain groups. Most revolutions follow a basic set formula of events: a leader is overthrown, radical and extremist groups take control for a period of time, and then the government is eventually restored to it’s original state. Both the English and French Revolutions followed this basic formula with various differences along the way. The English Revolution which took place in the seventeenth century, and the French Revolution, which took place in the late eighteenth century to early nineteenth century, both share many similarities and differences with one another.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One similarity of both revolutions was the causes: financial problems. Both King Charles I and Louis XVI were experiencing debt because of financial problems left behind from previous monarchs. Both kings placed the extreme tax burdens on the already poor peasants which further angered and oppressed them. Both kings had to summon on Parliament and the Estates General to raise revenue. Both monarchs attempted to use force to maintain their power but eventually lost to the liberal people who wanted a reformed government. The extremist period of both the English and French Revolutions consisted of a semi-dictator; Cromwell in England and Robespierre in France, who set up a totalitarian military state. Lastly, both the English and French had to carry out two attempts at establishing a constitutional monarchy in order to finally have a stable, lasting government.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In both the English and French Revolutions the monarch was the establishment being revolted against. In the English revolution it was more of the Parliament rebelling against the monarchy whereas in the French Revolution the peasants were the strongest and most motivated factors for change. In both revolutions the legislative body issued some form of a declaration for basic human rights. In England, however, their Bill of Rights was issued at the end of the revolution, while France’s Declaration of the Rights of Man was issued at the beginning of the revolution. Religion was in issue at different times in both the English and French Revolutions. The English Revolution did not incorporate any large territorial expansion and there was barely any outside interference during the Revolutionary period.

Strategic Management and Competitive Advantage

Operations Management, 10e (Heizer/Render)Chapter 2 Operations Strategy in a Global Environment1) NAFTA seeks to phase out all trade and tariff barriers among Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 2) The World Trade Organization has helped to significantly reduce tariffs around the world. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 3) Production processes are being dispersed to take advantage of national differences in labor costs. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 4) NAFTA seeks to phase out all trade and tariff barriers between the United States and Asia. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 5) One reason for global operations is to gain improvements in the supply chain. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 6) One reason to globalize is to learn to improve operations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 7) To attract and retain global talent, and to expand a product's life cycle, are both reasons to globalize. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 8) A product will always be in the same stage of its product life cycle regardless of the country. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 9) The World Trade Organization helps provide governments and industries around the world with protection from firms that engage in unethical conduct. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Ethical Reasoning Objective: no LO 10) Boeing's development of the 787 Dreamliner is an example of a company obtaining a competitive advantage through product differentiation/innovation. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: Global company profile Objective: no LO 11) An organization's strategy is its purpose or rationale for an organization's existence. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 12) Operations strategies are implemented in the same way in all types of organizations. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 13) Experience differentiation is an extension of product differentiation, accomplished by using people's five senses to create an experience rather than simply providing a service. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 14) An organization's ability to generate unique advantages over competitors is central to a successful strategy implementation. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 15) Low-cost leadership is the ability to distinguish the offerings of the organization in any way that the customer perceives as adding value. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 16) Most services are tangible; this factor determines how the ten decisions of operations management are handled differently for goods than for services. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 17) The relative importance of each of the ten operations decisions depends on the ratio of goods and services in an organization. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 18) Decisions that involve what is to be made and what is to be purchased fall under the heading of supply-chain management. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 19) Manufacturing organizations have ten strategic OM decisions, while service organizations have only eight. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 20) Errors made within the location decision area may overwhelm efficiencies in other areas. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 21) Southwest Airlines' core competence is operations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 22) Key success factors and core competencies are synonyms. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 23) SWOT analysis identifies those activities that make a difference between having and not having a competitive advantage. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 24) For the greatest chance of success, an organization's operations management strategy must support the company's strategy. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 25) Key Success Factors are those activities that are key to achieving competitive advantage. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 26) A multinational corporation has extensive international business involvements. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 27) The multidomestic OM strategy maximizes local responsiveness while achieving a significant cost advantage. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 28) Firms using the global strategy can be thought of as â€Å"world companies.† Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 29) Which of the following statements regarding the Dreamliner 787 is true? A) Boeing has found partners in over a dozen countries. B) The new aircraft incorporates a wide range of aerospace technologies. C) The new aircraft uses engines from not one, but two manufacturers. D) Boeing will add only 20 to 30 percent of the aircraft's value. E) All of the above are true. Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Global company profile Objective: no LO 30) Boeing's new 787 Dreamliner A) is assembled in Washington, D.C. B) uses engines from Japan C) has its fuselage sections built in Australia D) has increased efficiency from new engine technology E) results from a partnership of about a dozen companies Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Global company profile Objective: no LO 31) Examples of response to the global environment include A) Boeing's worldwide sales and production B) Benneton's flexibility in design, production, and distribution C) a Chinese manufacturer, Haier, opening plants in the United States D) Ford's partnerships with Volvo and Mazda E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 1 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 32) Which of the following is an example of globalization of operations strategy? A) Boeing's Dreamliner has engines with higher fuel/payload efficiency. B) Ford's new auto models have dent-resistant panels. C) A Chinese manufacturer, Haier, now operates plants in the United States. D) Hard Rock Cafà © provides an â€Å"experience differentiation† at its restaurants. E) All of the above are examples. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 33) Cost cutting in international operations can take place because of A) lower taxes and tariffs B) lower wage scales C) lower indirect labor costs D) less stringent regulations E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 34) Which of the following did the authors not suggest as a reason for globalizing operations? A) reduce costs B) improve the supply chain C) stockholder approval ratings D) attract new markets E) None of the above were suggested. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 35) Multinational organizations can shop from country to country and cut costs through A) lower wage scales B) lower indirect labor costs C) less stringent regulations D) lower taxes and tariffs E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 36) The term maquiladora is most synonymous with A) free trade zones in Mexico B) Chinese forced labor camps C) home-based or cottage industry D) areas that do not meet U.S. standards for workplace safety and pollution E) none of the above Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 37) Which of the following is true of maquiladoras? A) They discourage foreign businesses from outsourcing. B) They assess tariffs only on the value-added work done. C) They originated in China. D) none of the above E) all of the above Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations Objective: no LO 38) Which of the following represent reasons for globalizing operations? A) to gain improvements in the supply chain B) to improve operations C) to expand a product's life cycle D) to attract and retain global talent E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 39) Which of the following does not represent reasons for globalizing operations? A) reduce costs B) improve supply chain C) reduce responsiveness D) attract and retain global talent E) None of the above are valid reasons for globalizing operations. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 40) NAFTA seeks to A) substitute cheap labor in Mexico for expensive labor in the United States B) curb illegal immigration from Mexico to the United States C) phase out all trade and tariff barriers between the United States and Mexico D) phase out all trade and tariff barriers between the United States, Canada, and Mexico E) All of the above are NAFTA goals. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 41) With reference to cultural and ethical issues, the World Trade Organization has A) succeeded in providing equal protection of intellectual property among nations B) made progress in providing equal protection of intellectual property among nations C) phased out all trade and tariff barriers between the United States and Mexico D) eliminated slave labor and child labor E) played little role in addressing cultural and ethical issues among nations Answer: B Diff: 3 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Ethical Reasoning Objective: no LO 42) Which of the following is true about business strategies? A) An organization should stick with its strategy for the life of the business. B) All firms within an industry will adopt the same strategy. C) Well defined missions make strategy development much easier. D) Strategies are formulated independently of SWOT analysis. E) Organizational strategies depend on operations strategies. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 43) Which of the following activities takes place once the mission has been developed? A) The firm develops alternative or back-up missions in case the original mission fails. B) The functional areas develop their functional area strategies. C) The functional areas develop their supporting missions. D) The ten OM decision areas are prioritized. E) Operational tactics are developed. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 44) Which of the following statements about organizational missions is false? A) They reflect a company's purpose. B) They indicate what a company intends to contribute to society. C) They are formulated after strategies are known. D) They define a company's reason for existence. E) They provide guidance for functional area missions. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 45) The impact of strategies on the general direction and basic character of a company is A) short range B) medium range C) long range D) temporal E) minimal Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 46) The fundamental purpose of an organization's mission statement is to A) create a good human relations climate in the organization B) define the organization's purpose in society C) define the operational structure of the organization D) generate good public relations for the organization E) define the functional areas required by the organization Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 47) Which of the following is true? A) Corporate mission is shaped by functional strategies. B) Corporate strategy is shaped by functional strategies. C) Functional strategies are shaped by corporate strategy. D) External conditions are shaped by corporate mission. E) Functional area missions are merged to become the organizational mission. Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 48) __________ and __________ are to differentiation competitive advantages as __________ and __________ are to response competitive advantages. (*See figure 2.4a in the textbook) A) Human Resources, layout; scheduling, maintenance B) Product, quality; location, process C) Quality, maintenance; inventory, scheduling D) Product, supply chain; layout, quality E) Product, quality; maintenance, scheduling Answer: E Diff: 3 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 49) Which of the following is least likely to be a Cost Leadership competitive advantage? A) low overhead B) effective capacity use C) inventory management D) broad product line E) mass production Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 50) According to the authors, which of the following strategic concepts allow firms to achieve their missions? A) productivity, efficiency, and quality leadership B) differentiation, cost leadership, and quick response C) differentiation, quality leadership, and quick response D) distinctive competency, cost leadership, and experience E) differentiation, distinctive competency, quality leadership, and capacity Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 51) A firm can effectively use its operations function to yield competitive advantage through all of the following except A) customization of the product B) setting equipment utilization goals below the industry average C) speed of delivery D) constant innovation of new products E) maintaining a variety of product options Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 52) Which of the following has progressed the furthest along its product life cycle? A) drive-thru restaurants B) Boeing 787 C) iPods D) Twitter E) Xbox 360 Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: no LO 53) The ability of an organization to produce goods or services that have some uniqueness in their characteristics is A) mass production B) time-based competition C) competing on productivity D) competing on flexibility E) competing on differentiation Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 54) Which of the following has made the least progress along its product life cycle? A) drive-thru restaurants B) Boeing 787 C) iPods D) Twitter E) Xbox 360 Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: no LO 55) A strategy is a(n) A) set of opportunities in the marketplace B) broad statement of purpose C) simulation used to test various product line options D) plan for cost reduction E) action plan to achieve the mission Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 56) Which of the following statements best characterizes delivery reliability? A) a company that always delivers on the same day of the week B) a company that always delivers at the promised time C) a company that delivers more frequently than its competitors D) a company that delivers faster than its competitors E) a company that has a computerized delivery scheduling system Answer: B Diff: 3 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 57) Which of the following is an example of competing on the basis of differentiation? A) A firm manufactures its product with less raw material waste than its competitors do. B) A firm's products are introduced into the market faster than its competitors' products are. C) A firm's distribution network routinely delivers its product on time. D) A firm offers more reliable products than its competitors do. E) A firm advertises more than its competitors do. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 58) The ability of an organization to produce services that, by utilizing the consumer's five senses, have some uniqueness in their characteristics is A) mass production B) time-based competition C) differentiation D) flexible response E) experience differentiation Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 59) Which of the following best describes â€Å"experience differentiation†? A) immerses consumers in the delivery of a service B) uses people's five senses to enhance the service C) complements physical elements with visual and sound elements D) consumers may become active participants in the product or service E) All of the above are elements of experience differentiation. Answer: E Diff: 1 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 60) Experience Differentiation A) isolates the consumer from the delivery of a service B) is an extension of product differentiation in the service sector C) uses only the consumer's senses of vision and sound D) keeps consumers from becoming active participants in the service E) is the same as product differentiation, but applied in the service sector Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 61) Which of the following is the best example of competing on low-cost leadership? A) A firm produces its product with less raw material waste than its competitors. B) A firm offers more reliable products than its competitors. C) A firm's products are introduced into the market faster than its competitors' products. D) A firm's research and development department generates many ideas for new products. E) A firm advertises more than its competitors. Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 62) Franz Colruyt has achieved low-cost leadership through A) Spartan headquarters B) absence of voice mail C) low-cost facilities D) no background music E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 1 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 63) Franz Colruyt has achieved low-cost leadership through A) effective use of voice mail B) plastic, not paper, shopping bags C) background music that subtly encourages shoppers to buy more D) converting factories, garages, and theaters into retail outlets E) use of the Euro, not the currency of each European country Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 64) Which of the following is an example of competing on quick response? A) A firm produces its product with less raw material waste than its competitors. B) A firm offers more reliable products than its competitors. C) A firm's products are introduced into the market faster than its competitors' products. D) A firm's research and development department generates many ideas for new products. E) A firm advertises more than its competitors. Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 65) Costs, quality, and human resource decisions interact strongly with the __________ decision. A) layout design B) process and capacity design C) supply chain management D) goods and service design E) All of the above are correct. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 66) Which of the following influences layout design? A) inventory requirements B) capacity needs C) personnel levels D) technology decisions E) All of the above influence layout decisions. Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 67) Response-based competitive advantage can be A) flexible response B) reliable response C) quick response D) all of the above E) none of the above Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 68) Which of the following is not an operations strategic decision? A) maintenance B) price C) layout design D) quality E) inventory Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 69) Which of the following OM strategic decisions pertains to sensible location of processes and materials in relation to each other? A) layout design B) goods and service design C) supply chain management D) inventory E) scheduling Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 70) Which of these companies is most apt to have quality standards that are relatively subjective? A) Chrysler B) Dell Computer C) Sanyo Electronics D) Harvard University E) Whirlpool Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 71) Which of the following will more likely locate near their customers? A) an automobile manufacturer B) an aluminum manufacturer C) an insurance company headquarters D) a medical clinic E) All of the above will tend to locate near their customers. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 72) Which of the following statements concerning the operations management decision is relevant to services? A) There are many objective quality standards. B) The customer is not involved in most of the process. C) The work force's technical skills are very important. D) Labor standards vary depending on customer requirements. E) Ability to inventory may allow the leveling of the output rates. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 73) Which of these organizations is likely to have the most important inventory decisions? A) a marketing research firm B) a lobbying agency C) a management consulting firm D) an aluminum manufacturer E) a law firm Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 74) Before establishing and implementing strategy, a resources view would ensure that which of the following resources are available: A) financial B) physical C) human D) technological E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 75) Porter's Five Forces Model is used to evaluate competition based on which 5 aspects? A) research and development, cost, legal regulations, suppliers, customers B) immediate rivals, Potential entrants, customers, suppliers, and substitute products C) potential entrants, customers, suppliers, legal regulations, and cost D) immediate rivals, potential entrants, cost, substitute products, and legal regulations E) none of the above Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 76) Porter's Five Forces Model contains which of the following? A) immediate rivals B) potential entrants C) customers D) suppliers E) all of the Above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 77) Value-chain analysis is used to identify activities that represent, or can develop into, the core competencies of a business. Who introduced this concept? A) Ford B) Toyota C) Porter D) Smith E) None of the above Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 78) Value-chain analysis can be used to determine if a business is adding unique value in which of the following areas? A) product research B) human resources C) process innovation D) quality management E) all of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 79) Which of the following is not part of value-chain analysis? A) product research B) quality management C) supply-chain management D) marketing E) human resources Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 80) Which of the following environmental factors has not been a factor in Microsoft's changing strategy? A) Google B) security issues C) faster processors D) the Internet E) none of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 81) Standardization is an appropriate strategy in which stage of the product life cycle? A) introduction B) growth C) maturity D) decline E) retirement Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 82) Cost minimization is an appropriate strategy in which stage of the product life cycle? A) introduction B) growth C) maturity D) decline E) retirement Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 83) The stage in the product life cycle at which it is a poor time to change quality is A) introduction B) growth C) maturity D) decline E) incubation Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 84) Which of the following changes does not result in strategy changes? A) change in the company's financial situation B) a company's adoption of new technology C) change in the product life cycle D) change in the competitive environment E) change in job scheduling techniques Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 19 85) Which of the following statements is most correct? A) KSFs are often necessary, but not sufficient for competitive advantage. B) KSFs are often sufficient, but not necessary for competitive advantage. C) KSFs are neither necessary nor sufficient for competitive advantage. D) KSFs are both necessary and sufficient for competitive advantage. E) None of the above statements is correct. Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 86) Given the position of the iPod in the growth stage of its life cycle, which of the following OM Strategy/Issues should the makers of iPods be least concerned with at the current time? A) forecasting B) cost cutting C) increasing capacity D) product and process reliability E) enhancing distribution Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 87) Which of these organizations is likely to have the most complex inventory decisions? A) a marketing research firm B) a stock brokerage firm C) a management consulting firm D) a computer manufacturing company E) a high school Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 88) The three steps of the operations manager's job, in order, are: A) develop the strategy, establish the organizational structure, find the right staff B) develop the strategy, find the right staff, establish the organizational structure C) find the right staff, establish the organizational structure, develop the strategy D) find the right staff, develop the strategy, establish the organizational structure E) establish the organizational structure, find the right staff, develop the strategy Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 89) When developing the operations strategy for a new manufacturing organization, one of the most important considerations is that it A) requires minimal capital investment B) utilizes as much automation as possible C) utilizes an equal balance of labor and automation D) supports the overall competitive strategy of the company E) none of the above Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 90) Which of the international operations strategies involves high cost reductions and high local responsiveness? A) international strategy B) global strategy C) transnational strategy D) multidomestic strategy E) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 91) Which of the international operations strategies involves low cost reductions and low local responsiveness? A) international strategy B) global strategy C) transnational strategy D) multidomestic strategy E) none of the above Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 92) Which of the international operations strategies uses import/export or licensing of existing products? A) international strategy B) global strategy C) transnational strategy D) multidomestic strategy E) none of the above Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 93) Which of the international operations strategies uses the existing domestic model globally? A) international strategy B) global strategy C) transnational strategy D) multidomestic strategy E) none of the above Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 94) The acronym MNC stands for A) Mexican National Committee (for international trade) B) Maquiladora Negates Competition C) Maytag-Nestlà © Corporation D) Multinational Corporation E) none of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 95) Caterpillar and Texas Instruments are two firms that have benefited from the use of A) the multidomestic strategy option. B) the multinational corporation strategy. C) the transnational strategy option. D) the maquiladora system in Europe. E) the global strategy option. Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 96) Which of the following are examples of transnational firms? A) Nestlà © B) Asea Brown Boveri C) Reuters D) Citicorp E) All of the above are transnationals. Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 97) Boeing found its Dreamliner 787 partners in __________ countries. Answer: over a dozen Diff: 1 Topic: Global company profile AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 98) __________ are areas located along the U.S.-Mexico border in which factories receive preferential tariff treatment. Answer: Maquiladoras Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 99) __________ is a free trade agreement among Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Answer: NAFTA–North American Free Trade Agreement Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 100) __________ and __________ are two issues where significant cultural differences are large and progress toward global uniformity has been slow. Answer: Bribery, protection of intellectual property Diff: 1 Topic: Global company profile AACSB: Ethical Reasoning Objective: no LO 101) An organization that has worked to achieve global uniformity in cultural and ethical issues such as bribery, child labor, and environmental regulations is __________. Answer: the World Trade Organization Diff: 1 Topic: Global company profile AACSB: Ethical Reasoning Objective: no LO 102) In goods-producing organizations, __________,__________, and __________ may be inventoried. Answer: raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 103) Strategy is not static, but dynamic because of changes in the __________ and __________. Answer: organization, environment Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-1 104) __________ is the stage in product life cycle at which it is a poor time to change quality. Answer: Maturity Diff: 2 Topic: Issues in operations strategy Objective: LO2-4 105) The __________ is how an organization expects to achieve its missions and goals. Answer: strategy Diff: 2 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 106) The creation of a unique advantage over competitors is called a __________. Answer: competitive advantage Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 107) Service organizations can immerse the consumer in the service, or have the consumer become a participant in the service, as they practice __________. Answer: experience differentiation Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 108) Competitive advantage in operations can be achieved by __________, __________, and/or __________. Answer: differentiation, low cost, response Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 109) A(n) __________ is a firm that has extensive involvement in international business, owning or controlling facilities in more than one country. Answer: MNC–multinational corporation Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 110) The __________ strategy utilizes a standardized product across countries. Answer: global Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 24 111) The __________ strategy uses exports and licenses to penetrate globally. Answer: international Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 112) The __________ strategy uses subsidiaries, franchises, or joint ventures with substantial independence. Answer: multidomestic Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 113) The __________ strategy describes a condition in which material, people, and ideas cross or transgress national boundaries. Answer: transnational Diff: 2 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 114) Identify five countries from which Boeing's 787 Dreamliner has suppliers. Answer: France, Germany, UK, Italy, Japan, China, South Korea, Sweden, U.S. Diff: 1 Topic: Global company profile AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 115) Identify five parts which Boeing's 787 Dreamliner gets from global suppliers; match each part with the country that supplies it. Answer: France–landing gear, Germany–interior lighting, UK–fuel pumps or electronics, Italy–part of fuselage or horizontal stabilizer, Japan–wing box or hydraulic actuators, China–rudder or general parts, South Korea–wingtips, Sweden–cargo and access doors, U.S.–GE engines Diff: 2 Topic: Global company profile AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 116) How can global operations improve the supply chain? Answer: The supply chain can often be improved by locating facilities in countries where unique resources exist. Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 117) How do global operations attract new markets? Answer: Since international operations require local interaction with customers, suppliers, and other competitive businesses, international firms inevitably learn about unique opportunities for new products and services. Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 118) State two examples of cultural and ethical issues that face operations managers in a global environment. Answer: Student responses will vary, but there are several issues on which there are wide differences from country to country, culture to culture. Among those listed in the text are bribery, child labor, slave labor, and intellectual property rights. Students may bring forward from an earlier chapter issues such as environmental regulation or safe work environment, and may raise issues such as product safety. Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Ethical Reasoning Objective: no LO 119) What is the difference between a firm's mission and its strategy? Answer: A firm's mission is its purpose or rationale for an organization's existence, whereas a firm's strategy is how it expects to achieve its mission and goals. Diff: 2 Topic: Developing missions and strategies Objective: LO2-1 120) Since the early 1990s, residents in a number of developing countries have overcome culture, religious, ethnic, and political productivity barriers. These disappearing barriers coupled with simultaneous advances in technology, reliable shipping, and cheap communication have all led to the growth of what three things? Answer: 1. World trade. 2. Global capital markets. 3. International movement of people. Diff: 2 Topic: A global view of operations AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 121) Provide an example of an organization that achieves competitive advantage through experience differentiation. Explain. Answer: Answers will vary, but Disney and Hard Rock Cafà © are illustrated in the text. Competing on experience differentiation implies providing uniqueness to your service offering through immersion of the consumer into the service, with visual or sound elements to turn the service into an experience. Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 122) With regard to the scheduling decision, how are goods-producing organizations different from service companies? Discuss. Answer: Goods-producing companies: the ability to inventory may allow leveling the output rates; service companies: primarily concerned with meeting the customer's immediate schedule. Diff: 3 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 123) How do goods and services differ with regard to handling the quality decision? Answer: There are many objective quality standards for goods, whereas there are many subjective quality standards for services. Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 124) What is the difference between goods and services in terms of their location selection? Answer: Manufacturers of goods may need to be located close to raw materials, or labor force. Services, on the other hand, typically are located close to the customer. Diff: 2 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions Objective: LO2-3 125) How has Franz Colruyt achieved low-cost leadership? List three specific examples and describe each briefly. Answer: Several methods are listed in the text. Among these are no shopping bags, dim lighting, no voice mail, conversion of older buildings, Spartan offices. Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving competitive advantage through operations Objective: LO2-2 126) Define core competencies. Answer: A set of skills, talents, and activities that a firm does particularly well. Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 127) For what type of organization might the location decision area be the least important of its ten decision areas? For what type of organization might the location decision be the most important of the ten decision areas? Discuss; augment your response with examples. Answer: The relationship between the organization and its suppliers or its customers is key. If that relationship is very weak (as in no transportation costs, or customers can reach the firm from any location), location diminishes in importance. If that relationship is strong (uniqueness of site, high transportation costs, customers will not travel far) location increases in importance. â€Å"Least† examples: Telemarketing firm, tax help-line, Internet sales. â€Å"Most† examples: gold mine, oil well, ski resort. Diff: 3 Topic: Ten strategic OM decisions AACSB: Reflective Thinking Objective: LO2-3 128) What is SWOT analysis? List its four elements and describe its purpose. Answer: The four elements of SWOT are strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Its purpose is to maximize opportunities and minimize threats in the environment, while maximizing the advantages of the organization's strengths and minimizing the weaknesses. Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-1 129) Are strategies static or dynamic? What are the forces that lead to this result? Answer: Strategies should be dynamic because of changes within the organization and changes in the environment. Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-1 130) Identify and explain the four basic global operations strategies. Give an example of each strategy. Answer: The multidomestic strategy decentralizes operating decisions to each country to enhance local responsiveness. The primary example from the textbook is McDonald's. The global strategy centralizes operating decisions, with headquarters coordinating the standardization and learning between facilities. The textbook names Texas Instruments and Caterpillar. The international strategy uses exports and licenses to penetrate the global markets. Students may cite Pier One, World Market, or any wine store. The transnational strategy exploits the economies of scale and learning, as well as pressure for responsiveness, by recognizing that core competence does not reside in just the â€Å"home† country, but can exist anywhere in the organization. Examples from the textbook include Bertelsmann, Reuters and Nestlà ©. Diff: 3 Topic: Global operations strategy options AACSB: Multicu ltural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 131) Nike is the world's largest athletic brand. Its innovative and broad product line helps drive sales, however a large majority of those sales are in the footwear business. Most of Nike's goods are produced overseas in low-cost factories and then imported to the final market. Nike currently has many of the top U.S. athletes under contract (Michael Jordon, Tiger Woods, Dwayne Wade) but international sales are still small in emerging markets. However, many competitors have attempted to copy Nike's business model (high-value branded products manufactured at low-cost), including Adidas and Reebok, while many retailers have attempted to pass on the low-cost pressure of retail consumers. Perform a SWOT analysis for Nike. Answer: Strengths- Innovative products, athletes under contract Weakness- Much of revenue is from footwear, eroding market share could cost Nike its profitability Opportunities- Sales can be increased in emerging markets using well-known athletes, broad product line can be expanded into high profit sectors (jewelry, sunglasses, golf, etc) Threats- International business makes Nike vulnerable to currency changes, low-cost pressure from retailers can decrease profit per item, competition could erode existing market share. Athletes’ personal lives could weaken Nike's reputation. Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 132) Starbucks is one of the best known coffeehouse chains in the world. Each store sells a variety of innovative products to complement the array of coffee choices available. However, 75% of current stores are located in the United States and the expensive nature of the coffee leaves Starbucks vulnerable to changes in consumer spending behavior (such as recessions). Recently Starbucks has begun initiatives to sell its specialty coffee beans for home use, presenting a chance for a large increase in revenue and diversification. However, Starbucks faces fierce competition seeking a piece of its lucrative market share and the threat of consumer behavior changes, given its reputation rides on a singular product. Perform a SWOT analysis for Starbucks. Answer: Strengths- High profit specialty coffee, well known brand image Weakness- Most stores located in U.S., most profits come from coffee (both are lack of diversification) Opportunities- Emerging market in coffee beans for home use, chan ce for global expansion Threats- Intense competition, consumer behavior changes (less spending during a recession on its luxury coffee, change in beverage preferences) Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 133) Perform a SWOT analysis of Boeing's 787 Dreamliner using the information presented within the text. Answer: Strengths- Technological advances (8% increase in fuel efficiency, electronic maintenance monitoring) Weaknesses- Diverse suppliers and assembly locations leave Boeing vulnerable to currency exchange rates and make quality control difficult Opportunities- one of fastest-selling commercial jets ever gives Boeing a chance to increase market share, Boeing can parlay its use of diverse supplier locations into diversifying customer base Threats- competition from Airbus, divestment of the manufacture process risks losing company trade secrets (competitive advantage) Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 134) Perform a SWOT analysis of Hard Rock Cafà ©, using the information presented within Chapters 1 and 2 of the text. Answer: Strengths- Hard Rock's unique coupling of an experience with its menu gives it a competitive advantage, diverse portfolio of stores in 40 countries lowers risk Weaknesses-Hard Rock is known exclusively for its â€Å"experience†, this one-dimensional competitive advantage presents high risk Opportunities- New â€Å"experience† types at restaurants (Blues, Hip-Hop, etc themes), addition of new stores to the existing 120+ stores Threats- Hard Rock's exclusive Rock ‘n' Roll theme leaves it vulnerable to changes in consumer music preferences, competition in the restaurant business is very tough Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4 135) Perform a SWOT analysis for Franz Colruyt, using the information presented within the text. Answer: Strengths- High profit margin of 6.5% from its extreme low-cost competitive advantage Weaknesses- Lack of bagging, in-store music, dim lighting, and lack of aesthetic in-store appeal all limit potential customer base. Opportunities- Franz Colruyt only operates 160 stores so there is opportunity for global expansion Threats- High profit margin might encourage competition to copy Franz Colruyt's low-cost competitive advantage, eroding it. Changes in consumer behavior (increased prosperity) might decrease customers interested in only a low-cost alternative. Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy development and implementation Objective: LO2-4